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1. Get a File or URI object for a file inside an archive with Java?
is it possible to get a File or URI object for a file inside an archive with Java? (zip or jar archive) Thanks Hemeroc.
2. Ant read a property file from within a zip file
Is there a way in ant to load properties from inside a zip file? I have a project ant file which needs to use some properties that are in a file that is inside a zip file. The zip file is stored in a known location on our CI server. /known location/file.zip | +--- properties/details.properties The following doesn't work <project name="test" basedir="." > <property file=...
3. Can I get an URLConnection for a file within a JAR within a non-exploded WAR?
I have some resource files that are in the classpath of my web application (inside a JAR, if that matters). I know I can access the contents of those resources by calling e.g. SomeClassLoader.getResourceAsStream( "/samples/myscript.txt" ). I have tested this in the past in both exploded and non-exploded WAR files with success. However, to integrate with some other existing classes in my app, I...
4. Testing with Java Protocol notations for URLConnection
Where can I get all the details about the protocols we can use in java to make a URL connection. like : for jar its jar:file:///c|/!/ what does this notaion mean ? what wd be for let's say nntp, telnet or ftp kind of protocols. does sun provides any documentation ?
5. How to include directories inside JAR into the classpath at buildtime using ANT?
I have a JAR in my lib folder of the project and trying to get the directory structure that contains property files on the classpath when building using ANT. Any ideas how best to the get that structure on the classpath? Thanks!
6. Directory list of JAR file within classpath
The typically method to reference a file contained with a JAR file is to use ClassLoader.getResource. Is there a way to get the contents of a directory within a JAR files (similar to java.io.File.listFiles())? Note that the JAR file is within the classpath and its filename might not be known during runtime. Basically I have a bunch of non-.class resource files within a directory. At runtime I ... 
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  /*
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   * Copyright 1997-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
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   * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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   *
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   * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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   * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
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   * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Sun designates this
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   * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
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   * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
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  *
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  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
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  * accompanied this code).
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  *
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  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
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  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
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  *
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  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
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  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
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  * have any questions.
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  */
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 package java.net;
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A URL Connection to a Java ARchive (JAR) file or an entry in a JAR file.

The syntax of a JAR URL is: 

 jar:<url>!/{entry}

for example:

jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class

Jar URLs should be used to refer to a JAR file or entries in a JAR file. The example above is a JAR URL which refers to a JAR entry. If the entry name is omitted, the URL refers to the whole JAR file: jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/

Users should cast the generic URLConnection to a JarURLConnection when they know that the URL they created is a JAR URL, and they need JAR-specific functionality. For example: 

 URL url = new URL("jar:file:/home/duke/duke.jar!/");
 JarURLConnection jarConnection = (JarURLConnection)url.openConnection();
 Manifest manifest = jarConnection.getManifest();

JarURLConnection instances can only be used to read from JAR files. It is not possible to get a java.io.OutputStream to modify or write to the underlying JAR file using this class.

Examples:

A Jar entry
jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class
A Jar file
jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/
A Jar directory
jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/

!/ is refered to as the separator.

When constructing a JAR url via new URL(context, spec), the following rules apply:

  • if there is no context URL and the specification passed to the URL constructor doesn't contain a separator, the URL is considered to refer to a JarFile.
  • if there is a context URL, the context URL is assumed to refer to a JAR file or a Jar directory.
  • if the specification begins with a '/', the Jar directory is ignored, and the spec is considered to be at the root of the Jar file.

    Examples:

    context: jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/, spec:baz/entry.txt
    url:jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/baz/entry.txt
    context: jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/baz, spec:entry.txt
    url:jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/baz/entry.txt
    context: jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/baz, spec:/entry.txt
    url:jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/jar.jar!/entry.txt

Author(s):
Benjamin Renaud
Since:
1.2
See also:
URL
URLConnection
java.util.jar.JarFile
java.util.jar.JarInputStream
java.util.jar.Manifest
java.util.zip.ZipEntry
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public abstract class JarURLConnection extends URLConnection {
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    private URL jarFileURL;
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    private String entryName;

    
The connection to the JAR file URL, if the connection has been initiated. This should be set by connect. 
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    protected URLConnection jarFileURLConnection;

    
Creates the new JarURLConnection to the specified URL.

Parameters:
url the URL
Throws:
MalformedURLException if no legal protocol could be found in a specification string or the string could not be parsed.
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    protected JarURLConnection(URL url) throws MalformedURLException {
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        super(url);
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        parseSpecs(url);
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    }
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    /* get the specs for a given url out of the cache, and compute and
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     * cache them if they're not there.
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     */
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    private void parseSpecs(URL url) throws MalformedURLException {
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        String spec = url.getFile();
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        int separator = spec.indexOf("!/");
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        /*
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         * REMIND: we don't handle nested JAR URLs
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         */
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        if (separator == -1) {
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            throw new MalformedURLException("no !/ found in url spec:" + spec);
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        }
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         = new URL(spec.substring(0, separator++));
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         = null;
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        /* if ! is the last letter of the innerURL, entryName is null */
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        if (++separator != spec.length()) {
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             = spec.substring(separator, spec.length());
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             = ParseUtil.decode ();
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        }
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    }

    
Returns the URL for the Jar file for this connection.

Returns:
the URL for the Jar file for this connection.
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    public URL getJarFileURL() {
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        return ;
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    }

    
Return the entry name for this connection. This method returns null if the JAR file URL corresponding to this connection points to a JAR file and not a JAR file entry.

Returns:
the entry name for this connection, if any.
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    public String getEntryName() {
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        return ;
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    }

    
Return the JAR file for this connection.

Returns:
the JAR file for this connection. If the connection is a connection to an entry of a JAR file, the JAR file object is returned
Throws:
java.io.IOException if an IOException occurs while trying to connect to the JAR file for this connection.
See also:
URLConnection.connect()
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    public abstract JarFile getJarFile() throws IOException;

    
Returns the Manifest for this connection, or null if none.

Returns:
the manifest object corresponding to the JAR file object for this connection.
Throws:
java.io.IOException if getting the JAR file for this connection causes an IOException to be trown.
See also:
getJarFile()
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    public Manifest getManifest() throws IOException {
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        return getJarFile().getManifest();
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    }

    
Return the JAR entry object for this connection, if any. This method returns null if the JAR file URL corresponding to this connection points to a JAR file and not a JAR file entry.

Returns:
the JAR entry object for this connection, or null if the JAR URL for this connection points to a JAR file.
Throws:
java.io.IOException if getting the JAR file for this connection causes an IOException to be trown.
See also:
getJarFile()
getJarEntry()
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    public JarEntry getJarEntry() throws IOException {
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        return getJarFile().getJarEntry();
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    }

    
Return the Attributes object for this connection if the URL for it points to a JAR file entry, null otherwise.

Returns:
the Attributes object for this connection if the URL for it points to a JAR file entry, null otherwise.
Throws:
java.io.IOException if getting the JAR entry causes an IOException to be thrown.
See also:
getJarEntry()
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    public Attributes getAttributes() throws IOException {
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        JarEntry e = getJarEntry();
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        return e != null ? e.getAttributes() : null;
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    }

    
Returns the main Attributes for the JAR file for this connection.

Returns:
the main Attributes for the JAR file for this connection.
Throws:
java.io.IOException if getting the manifest causes an IOException to be thrown.
See also:
getJarFile()
getManifest()
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    public Attributes getMainAttributes() throws IOException {
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        Manifest man = getManifest();
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        return man != null ? man.getMainAttributes() : null;
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    }

    
Return the Certificate object for this connection if the URL for it points to a JAR file entry, null otherwise. This method can only be called once the connection has been completely verified by reading from the input stream until the end of the stream has been reached. Otherwise, this method will return null

Returns:
the Certificate object for this connection if the URL for it points to a JAR file entry, null otherwise.
Throws:
java.io.IOException if getting the JAR entry causes an IOException to be thrown.
See also:
getJarEntry()
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         throws IOException
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    {
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        JarEntry e = getJarEntry();
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        return e != null ? e.getCertificates() : null;
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    }
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